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모성간호학실습Ⅰ  사전학습

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의학용어

의  학  용  어

약어

의미

1

Artificial  abortion

AA

2

Abruptio  placenta

3

Amniotic  fluid  index

AFI

4

Artificial  Rupture  of  Membrane

ARM

5

Breech  presentation

6

Cephalic  presentation

7

Cephalo  pelvic  disproportion 

CPD

8

Cervical  dilatation

9

Cervical  effacement

10

Cesarean  section

C/SEC

11

Contraction  stress  test

CST

12

Delivery

13

Dilatation  &  curettage 

D&C 

14

Dilatation  &  evacuation 

D&E

15

Disseminated  intravascular  coagulation

DIC

16

Dysfunctional  uterine  bleeding

DUB

17

Dystocia

18

Ectopic  pregnancy

19

Electronic  Fetal  Monitor

EFM

20

Engorgement

21

Epidural  anesthesia

22

Episiotomy

23

Estimated  date  of  confinement

EDC

24

False  labor

25

Fetal  distress

26

Fetal  heart  rate

FHR

27

Fetal  heart  sound

FHS

28

Gestational  diabetes  mellitus

GDM

29

Hematoma

30

Hemolysis,  Elevated  Liver  enzyme,  Low 
Platelet

HELLP

31

Hydatidiform  mole

32

Hydramnios

33

Incompetent  internal  os  of  cervix

IIOC

34

Induction

35

Infertility

36

Intrauterine  device

IUD

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의  학  용  어

약어

의미

37

Intrauterine  fetal  death

IUFD

38

Intrauterine  growth  retardation

IUGR

39

Intrauterine  period

IUP

40

Inversion

41

In  vitro  fertilization  &  embryo  transfer

IVF  &  ET

42

Labor  pain

43

Last  menstrual  period

LMP

44

Macrosomia

45

Mastitis

46

Meconium

47

Missed  abortion

48

Multipara

49

Multiple  pregnancy

50

Myoma

51

Non  stress  test

NST

52

Normal  spontaneous  vaginal  delivery

NSVD

53

Nullipara

54

Oligohydramnios

55

Papanicolous  smear

Pap-smear

56

Patient  controlled  analgesia

PCA

57

pelvic  examination

58

Pelvic  inflammatory  disease

PID

59

perineal  laceration

60

Pitting  edema

61

Placenta  previa

62

Postpartum  blue

63

Postpartum  hemorrhage

64

Preeclampsia

65

Pregnancy  induced  hypertension

PIH

66

Premenstrual  syndrome

PMS

67

Premature  rupture  of  membrane

PROM

68

Preterm premature  rupture  of  membrane

pPROM

만삭 전 조기파막(37주전)

69

Preterm  labor

PTL

70

Prolapsed  cord

71

Prolapse  of  uterus

72

Prolonged  labor

73

pulmonary  embolism

74

Respiratory  distress  syndrome

RDS

75

Retained  placenta

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의  학  용  어

약어

의미

76

Right  medio-lateral  episiotomy

RML

우측  중측방  회음절개술

77

Spontaneous  abortion

SA

78

Still  birth 

79

Threatened  abortion

80

Uterine  atony

81

Uterine  contraction

UC

82

Uterine  prolapse

83

Vaginal  birth  after  cesarean  section

VBAC

84

Vaginal  bleeding

85

Vaginal  spotting 

86

Vertex  presentation

87

Adenomyosis

88

Amenorrhea

89

Carcinoma  in  situ

CIS

90

Cervical  intraepithelial  neoplasia

CIN

91

Coitus 

92

Dermoid  cyst

93

Endometrial  hyperplasia

94

Endometriosis

EM

95

Gonorrhea

96

Gynecology

97

Hormone  Replacement  therapy

HRT

98

Human  papilloma  virus

HPV

99

Menarche

100 Menopause

101 Menorrhagia

102 Hypermenorrhea

103 Myomectomy

104 Oligomenorrhea

105 Dysmenorrhea

106 Radiation  therapy

RT

107 Salpingectomy

108 Sarcoma
109 squamous  cell  carcinoma

SCC

110 Total  abdominal  hysterectomy

TAH

111 Total  laparoscopic  hysterectomy

TLH

112

Laparoscopic  assisted  vaginal 
hysterectomy

LAVH

113 Radical  abdominal  hysterectomy 

RAH

114 loop  electrosurgical  excision  procedure

LEEP

115 uterine  artery  embolization 

UAE

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의  학  용  어

약어

의미

116 Bilateral  tubal  ligation 

BTL

117 conization

118 Adhesiolysis

119 Torsion

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모성간호학이론  [분만실과  산과병동] 

A.  출혈성  건강문제

(1)  유산의  종류별  정의,  치료  및  간호중재

☞  (                      )의  TX  &  간호→  절대안정,  패드  모으고  출혈양상  관찰,  수분섭취  격려,  프로게스

테론  투여,  초음파  통해  상태  관찰

☞  (                      )  :  자궁경부가  개대되고  파막되어  양수가  흘러나와  거의  유산이  될  것으로  확신

되는  상태

☞  (                      )  :  개대된  자궁경부를  통해  태아와  태아부속물의  일부가  배출되거나  아직  자궁 

내에  남아있는  상태

TX  &  간호  →  D&C  후  출혈과  감염관찰,  항생제  투여

☞  (                        )  :  태아와  태반조직이  자궁  밖으로  완전히  배출된  상태

TX  &  간호→  자궁수축,  출혈과  감염  관찰

☞  (                      )  :  자궁경부가  닫힌  상태로  며칠  혹은  몇  주  동안  죽은  수태물  조직이  자궁  내

에  남아있는  상태

TX  &  간호→  D&C  /  D&E  시행,  유도분만,  출혈과  감염  관찰

☞  (                        )  :  3회  이상  자연유산이  연속으로  발생된  상태

(2)  자궁경부무력증의  정의,  치료  및  간호중재

☞  정의  :                                                                                                                           

→  경부의  이완과  개대를  예방하기  위해  임신  (            )주에  (                  )  시행,  절대안정,  수술  후 

태아심음,  자궁수축,  양막파열,  통증이나  불편감  사정

(3)  자궁  외  임신의  정의,  치료  및  간호중재

☞  정의  :                                                                                               

→  임신된  부위가  파열될  수  있기  때문에  규칙적으로  V/S측정,  출혈량과  통증변화   

관찰,  (검사명?                          )수치와  초음파  검사를  통해  지속적으로  관찰,

      외과적  중재로  수술  진행,  내과적  중재로  MTX  등  투여     

(4)  전치태반의  종류별  정의

☞  정의  :                                                                                                                               

      -  완전  전치태반  :                                                                                                           

      -  불완전  전치태반  :                                                                                                       

      -  변연  전치태반  :                                                                                                           

      -  하부  전치태반  :                                                                                                           

(5)  태반조기박리의  정의

☞  정의  :                                                                                                   

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B.  고혈압성  건강문제

(1)  자간전증과  자간증의  차이는?

☞                                                                                                                                                   

(2)  고혈압성  건강문제  시  사용되는  주요  약물은  무엇이며,  약물효능과  주의점은?

☞  약물  :                                                     

-   중추신경계  억제  →  경련조절,  혈관  확장  →  혈압하강

  주입  시  Infusion  pump를  이용하여  주입,  IV  side로  투여,  I/O  측정

-   혈중  농도  4~8mEq/L  유지

-   독성증상  관찰  :                                                                             

    →  독성  증상  발현  시  해독제  (                                                        )  정맥투여

☞  하이드라라진(Hydralazine)  투여

  이완기  혈압이  110  이상  시  사용  고려

  15분  후  혈압을  측정하여  확인

C.  임신성  당뇨 

(1)  임신성  당뇨가  발생하는  원인은?

☞  태반분비호르몬(                                                      )이  인슐린에  (        )작용을  하여  Insulin에  대한  (   

                  )이  증가함.

      이때  보상작용으로  췌장의  β세포의  기능이  증가하게  되는데  이  기능이  충분하지  못하면  임신

성  당뇨로  진행됨

(2)  임신성  당뇨의  진단  검사

☞  처음  산전방문  시  당화  혈색소(HbA1c)  측정

☞  선별검사   

-  검사  시행시기  :  임신  (                  )주  시행

-  공복에  관계없이  (          )g의  설탕물을  마시고  (      )시간  후  혈당  측정

-  혈당이  (                  )mg/dL  이상인  경우  확진검사  실시

☞  확진검사       

-  금식상태에서  시행  :  식사와  활동을  제한하지  않은  상태로

-  공복혈당  측정  후  (              )g  설탕물  마시고  1-2-3hr  마다  혈당  측정

-  기준에  따라  4회  중  (      )회  이상에서  혈당  기준치보다  높게  나오면  임신성  당뇨로  진단

(3)  임신성  당뇨  시  주요  치료목표는?

☞                                                                                                                             

공복

1시간  후

2시간  후

3시간  후

mg/dL

mg/dL

mg/dL

mg/dL

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D.  분만과  관련된  지식

(1)  이상적인  질  분만을  위해서는  다양한  조건이  맞아야한다.  (      )를  채워서  문장을  완성해보자.

☞  태세는  (            ),  태위는  (              ),  선진부는  (                  )  조건에서  가장  분만이  용이하다.  정

상  질분만  시  가장  많은  태향은  (                    )  이다.               

(2)  1차  만출력은  어디에  영향을  주는가?

☞  1차  만출력에  의해  나타나는  현상  :                                                                                               

(3)  분만진행  시  자궁수축의  상태는  어떻게  변화하는가?  (Frequency,  Duration,  Intensity로  설명)   

☞  Frequency는  점차  (          ),  Duration은  점차  (        ),  Intensity는  점차  (              )함

(4)  산부의  현  상태는  다음과  같다.  이것을  해석하시오.

[  분만력  P  /  임신주수  38주  /  진행상태  2F  60%  -3  /  비고  SROM  SGA  PCA(-)  ]

☞                                                                                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                                                                           

                                                                                                         

(5)  자궁수축과  혈류량의  변화에  대한  그래프

    이다.  자궁수축  최대인  분홍색  후의  노란색 

    상황에서  실시해야  하는  간호중재는  무엇인

    가? 

    ☞                                                                                                         

                                                                                                     

(6)  두정위  상태에서  정상  분만과정을  기술하세요(반드시  의미  이해).

☞                                                                                                                                             

(7)  LMP가  2018년  7월  10일  일  때  EDC는?  (네겔의  법칙  적용)

☞                                                                                                                                           

(8)  산과력을  표현하는  방법은?  (4자리  숫자체계로  표시) 

☞                                                                                                                                           

(9)  분만은  4단계로  구분된다.  각  단계에  대해  설명하세요.

☞  1단계  :                                                                                                 

      2단계  :                                                                                                 

      3단계  :                                                                                                 

      4단계  :                                                                                                 

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(10)  분만  1기는  잠재기,  활동기,  이완기로  구분된다.  각  단계별로  소요되는  평균  시간을  초산모

와  경산모로  구분하여  작성한다.(p.322  그림  18-11  /  p.360  표  20-3  참조)

(11)  분만 1기의 임부가 심하게 통증을 호소하고 있다. 비약물적 통증관리와 약물적 통증관리 방법을 

각 1개씩 제공하세요. 각 통증관리를 제공할 때 반드시 요구되는 산부와 태아의 상태도 같이 기록하

세요.

☞  비약물적  중재  :                                                                                                                                         

      →  산부와  태아는  정상적인  상태여야  함

☞  약물적  중재  :                                                                                                                                           

        →  산부는  경부  개대가  4cm  이상  진행,  태아는  정상상태에서  시행 

(12)  NST를  시행하는  목적과  결과  해석방법은?   

☞  목적  :                                                                                                             

☞  결과  해석방법  : 

                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                           

(13)  분만  3기  태반배출기전의  종류와  기전의  차이는?

☞  schultz기전  : 

                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                 

☞  duncan기전  : 

                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                 

(14)  태아건강사정  중  만기하강의  정의와  발생원인,  중재방법은?

☞  만기하강  :                                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                                                               

(15)  분만  4기  동안  가장  우선적으로  관찰해야하는  것은  무엇인가? 

☞                                                                                                                                                     

   

분만  1기  구분

초산모

경산모

잠재기

활동기

이행기           

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(16)  다음  약물의  주  효능을  쓰시오. 

약물

주  효능

Lavopa

Tractocile

Duratocin

Adalat

Yutopar

Venoferrum

Oxytocin

Nalador

Cytotec

E.  산후여성과  관련된  지식

(1)  분만  후  자궁복구(uterine  involution,  자궁퇴축)은  무엇을  의미하는가?

- 자궁저부의  위치는  분만직후에는  (                        )에  위치하며, 

  12시간  후에는  (                        )에  있다.  산후  2일째가  되면  자궁저부는  매일  (          )  정도씩  하강

하며,  산후  (                  )가  되면  복부에서  자궁을  촉진할  수  없다.

- 자궁복구는  초산모가  경산모보다  (              ),  수유모가  비수유모보다  (                    ).  반면  임신기

간  동안  자궁의  팽창이  큰  경우(다태임신,  양수과다증  등)는  자궁복구의  과정이  더  (              ).   

(2)  자궁의  수축활동은  자궁의  지혈에  작용한다.  그  이유는  무엇인가?

☞  이유  :                                                                                                               

- 자궁의  퇴축과정이  부적절하면  (                  )이  되고  (                      )을  일으킨다.

(3)  분만한  산모는  오로(lochia)라는  분비물이  발생하는데  오로란  무엇인가?

☞  정의  :                                                                                                                 

(4)  산후  자궁내막의  재생정도와  산후  출혈,  감염여부는  무엇으로  확인할  수  있는가? 

☞                                                                                                               

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(5)  분만  후  병동에  입실한  산모  간호에서  가장  우선적으로  관찰해야하는  것은? 

☞                                                                                           

­ 산후  출혈은  (                          )  이내에  패드를  완전히  적시는  경우이고,  오로의  경우  보통  (           

                      )  을  넘지  않는다.

­ 오로는  보통  월경과  같은  냄새를  풍긴다.  그러나  거품과  악취가  나면(                  )을  나타낸다.

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이론적  내용[부인과병동] 

A.  생식기  감염  관련  건강문제와  간호

(1)    질염의  종류와  치료  간호

☞    (                                        )  :  성인  여성에게  가장  흔한  질염,  원인균  트리코모나스  원충,  알칼리성 

환경에서  잘  자람 

    → 증상 :  녹황색 기포가 많은 악취나는 다량의 분비물, 부종, 홍반, 심한 통증,작열감, 소양감, 성교

통이  나타남,  질후원개에  딸기모양  출혈반점  특징적   

    →  치료제  :  (metronidazole(flagyl)  )투여,  재발  잘되므로  완치될  때까지  금욕  생활

 (                                  ) : 질 내 칸디다 알비칸스(candida albicans)로 인해 발생되는 

질염

      → 증상 : 심한 가려움, 백색의 냉대하증, 자궁 경부와 질벽에 노란 치즈 같은 반점이 있으며 제거 

시  출혈 

      → 치료 : 경구용 fluconazole 가장 흔히 사용,  Mycostatin(nystain)질정, 질크림 투여, 질세척 금지, 

헐렁한  면제품  내의  입기

 (                             ) : 폐경기 이후 (에스트로겐 감소와 조직의 노화)로 인해 질점막이 

위축되어  세포증이  얇아져서  세균이나  외부의  물리적  자극으로  감염이  쉽게  발생

→  증상  :  혈액  섞인  질분비물,  소양감,  질의  궤양,  성교통

→  치료  :  (                          호르몬)  치료,  질좌약이나  에스트로겐  질크림  사용

(2) (                    ): 상부 생식기 세균성 감염으로 골반과 하복부에 심한 통증을 동반, 자궁 

외  임신과  난임을  초래할  수  있음 

→ 증상 : 골반과 하복부의 심한 통증, 근육 경직, 복부팽만, 오심과 구토, 고열, 백혈구 증가  등

→  치료  :  침상안정,  수액요법,  진통제  및  원인균에  따른  광범위  항생제  투여 

B.  생식기  종양관련  건강문제와  간호

(3)  자궁의  양성종양

☞  (                                      ;  Uterine  leiomyoma,  fibroids)  :  자궁근층의  평활근에서  발생하여  천천히 

증식하는  양성종양으로  크기가  다양,  정확한  원인  불명

    → 특징 : 무증상에서부터 응급 치료가 필요한 증상까지 다양, 악성으로 발전되는 경우 거의 없음, 

난소의 기능이  왕성할  때 근종이  잘  자람.   폐경기  이후에는  근종의 크기가  감소하나, 

경구용  피임약  복용,  임신,  호르몬  치료에  의해  종양의  크기가  커질  수  있음. 

   

(4)  자궁경부암  (cervical  cancer) 

☞ 우리나라 여성의 생식기계 악성종양 중 가장 흔하며, (                           )에서 90% 발생 

→  호발부위  :  (                                                        ) 

→  진단  :                                      를  통해  자궁경부암  90%  조기  발견

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(5)  자궁내막암(endometrial  cancer) 

:  (                                                )에  의한  (          )으로  천천히  성장함.

(6)    황체낭종(corpus  luteum  cyst):  배란  후  (                                        )의  과다분비로  황체  내  용액을 

증가시켜 나타남. 무월경, 불규칙적 자궁출혈이 주증상이며 자궁외 임신과 혼동되나 자연적 소멸

(7) 루테인낭종(theca-lutein cyst) : 난소가 (                               )의 과다한 자극으로 발생, 

포상기태와  융모상피암에  자주  동반됨

(8) 다낭성 난소낭종(polycystic ovary syndrome) : 내분비 불균형으로 에스트로겐, 테스토스테론, 황

체형성호르몬의 수치가 높고 (                           )의 분비감소가 있을 때, 비만, 다모성 

조숙증,  불규칙적인  월경,  무월경,  불임  증상  있는  경우

(9) 상피세포성 악성 종양(난소암) : 생식기계  암에서 2번째로 흔함,  70% 이상이 전이된 상태에서 

발견,  예후가  나쁨. 

→ 증상 : ① 초기 출혈, 분비물, 통증 증상은 없고, 하복부 불편감과 약간의 위장장애, ② 복부 증대, 

체중증가  ③  골반통,  빈혈,  악액질  등  :  말기

 

(10)  생식기  관련  수술의  종류  및  장단점 

 (복식 전자궁절제술 TAH; Total abdominal hysterectomy ) : 4~10cm의 가로 절개로 복부를 통하

여  자궁을  적출하는  수술

    →  수술  후  복부에  반흔이  남으며  통증이  심하고  회복이  느린  단점

☞  (질식  전자궁절제술  TVH;  Total  vaginal  hysterectomy  )  :  질을  통해  자궁을  적출하는  수술

  →  복부에  상처가  나지  않아  수술시간이  짧고  회복이  빠르며  수술  후  불편감과  출혈  적음 

☞ (복강경 질식 자궁절제수술 LAVH; Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy) : 배꼽 아래 1cm

의 구멍을 내고 내시경을 넣어 하복부의 1~2개의 구멍으로 카메라와 기구를 삽입하여 자궁을 절

제한  후  질  쪽으로  꺼내는  수술

  →  상처가  작고  통증이  덜하며,  출혈의  가능성이  적어  조기이상이  가능,  회복기간  빠름 

☞ (근치적 자궁절제술 RAH(Radical abdominal hysterectomy) : 주로 자궁암 수술 시  실시하며 복부

절개나 복강경을 통하여 자궁, 양쪽 나팔관, 난소, 질 상부 1/3 부위, 주위 림프절도 모두 제거하는 

수술

  (11)

  자궁절제술에  따른  생리적  변화     

수술명 

 수술절제부위

생리적  변화 

전자궁제술

자궁체부+경부 

•  월경(X,O)  임신(X,O)

•  에스트로겐  분비(X,O)

한쪽  난소난관절제술

자궁+난소  1개 

전자궁절제술과  양쪽  자궁+난소  2개  모두

•  월경(X,O),  임신(X,O)

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D. 성생식기  관련  진단적  검사

(12) (                      ; Pap test) : 자궁경부암 발생 전 단계에서 세포변화를 알기     위하여 

시행하는  검사

(13) 질확대경 검사(colposcopy) : 질확대경에 의해 자궁질부를 5~40배로 확대해서 관찰하여,    육안으

로는  진단되지  않는  미세한  초기침윤암  또는  암  병변의  발견  가능

      →  암의  조기진단에는  필수적인  방법

(14)  (생검;  biopsy)  :  생체  조직  일부를  제거함으로써  질병의  존재나  확산  양상을  파악하는  검사

    →  암  검진이나  염증성  질환  검사  시  많이  활용

(15)  쉴러  검사(schiller  test)  :  조직생검  전  병소를  정확히  확인하기  위해  실시

    →  요오드  용액  도포  :  정상세포는  (                                      )으로  나타나며,  암세포가  있는  경우  (   

            )으로  나타남 

E. 항암제  투여  및  간호

★  항암제  투여  용량  결정  및  선택  시  알아야  할  사항 

(16)  항암제  투여  용량은  대상자의  (체표면적)과  (크레아티닌  청소율)에  의해  용량이  결정 

☞ 항암제 선택 시 고려사항 : 환자의 진단명, 나이, 약물흡수율, 골수기능, 영양상태, 기존에 받았던 

치료, 암세포의 종류, 암치료의 간격, 투여경로, 종양의 위치, 종양의 크기, 종양의 항암제 내성 등

☞ 

항암화학요법,  약물  투여  전후  확인사항

① 혈액검사  :  약물  투여  48시간  전  Hb,  WBC,  platelet  수 

② 신체검진,  간호력  :  투약  전  약물  독작용  평가

③ 암  전문의의  처방대로  투약

④ 일반적인  투약방법  외에  특수한  투약방법이  있는가 

⑤ 약물의  부작용에  대해서  알고  대상자에게  설명

⑥ 투여  후  용량과  투여방법  및  대상자  교육  내용  기록

⑦ 약물정보에  대한  팸플릿이나  책자  등  자료  전달

⑧ 약물  중,  투여  후  환자상태에  대해  자세한  기록

⑨ 투여된  약물의  부작용  계속  관찰

난소난관절제술

•  에스트로겐  분비(X,O)

•  폐경증상(X,O)

근치자궁절제술

자궁+난관  난소  2개 
모두  +질의 
일부+자궁주위 
림프절과  인대 

•  월경(X,O),  임신(X,O)

•  에스트로겐  분비(X,O)

•  폐경증상(X,O)

•  소변장애(X,O)

• 주위조직 절제에 따라 변화 다양

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⑩ 대상자가  약물치료법에  대해  잘  알고  있는가

⑪ 대상자가  처방  내용을  발  이해하고  있는가

⑫ 대상자가  투여되고  있는  약의  투여방법과  약명을  알고  있는가

(17)  항암제  투여  시  주의사항 

① 항암제 투여자는 약물을 투여하는 동안 반드시 (마스크와 장갑)을 착용하고 필요시 (가운이나 

보호용  안경)을  착용한다.

②  수액세트를  (식염수)로  채운  후  항암제  bag에  연결한다. 

③  항암제  주입  직전  혈관의  patency(개방성)와  infiltration(침윤)  여부를  재확인한다.

④ 항암제를 말초정맥으로 주입하는 경우에 일혈(extravasation)에 대비하여 약물주입이 끝날 때까

지  계속  관찰하도록  한다.

⑤  항암제는  절대  단독으로  주입하지  않고  (running  IV  fluid의  side  port)를  이용한다.   

⑥  항암제를  주입한  이후에는  최소  20ml  이상의  생리식염수로  flushing한다.

⑦  항암제에  따른  알러지  반응이나  일혈(extravasation)의  발생여부를  관찰한다.

- 일혈 : 정맥을 통해 주입되던 약제가 혈관 주위나 피하조직으로 주입되거나 유출된 상태를 말함

- 증상  :  따끔거림,  화끈거림,  발적,  종창,  통증,  수포,  피부궤양,  감각  이상  등

- 환자가  불편감이  있는  경우  즉시  의료인에게  알림

- 환자가  불편감을  호소할  때에는  약물  주입을  중단하고  주사부위와  환자상태를  사정함   

⑧ 항암제 투여 시 사용한 가운이나 장갑은 갈색 밀봉 봉투에 넣어 정해진 장소에 분리하여 처리한

다.

⑨  항암제  투여가  끝난  후  손을  깨끗이  씻는다. 

(18)  일혈을  예방하기  위한  원칙

①  손목과  팔꿈치  사이의  큰  정맥  이용

②  정맥  캐뉼라  상입  후  안정적으로  고정하고  삽입부위  확인이  쉽도록  taping함

③  running  IV  fluid의  side  port  이용

④  주입  직전  blood  return  확인

⑤  infusion  pump를  사용하지  않고,  반드시  중력을  이용하여  주입

⑥  약제와  약제  사이,  주입  완료  후  20ml  이상의  생리식염수로  flushing

⑦  항암제를  장기간  투여해야하는  경우  중심  정맥관  삽입

(19)  일혈  발생  시  중재

①  일혈이  의심되거나  발생하면,  즉시  항암제  주입  중단

② IV cannula는 제거하지 말고, 그대로 주사기를 연결하여 남아있는 항암제와 혈액을 흡인한다. 경우

에  따라  cannula에  antidote(해독제)를  투여한다.

③  냉요법(혈관  수축)이나  온요법(혈관  확장)  적용 

④  일혈이  일어난  부위에  멸균  폐쇄드레싱  시행

⑤  담당  의사에게  알림

⑥ 일혈 부위의 기능, 움직임 정도, 통증, 발적, 표피박리, 궤양, 괴사 발생에 대해 지속적으로 관찰

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(20)  Neutropenia  환자  관리 

-  Neutropenia  정의  :  항암  후  혈액검사에서  ANC  1500  미만인  경우

- ANC  1000  미만  시  식이는  저균식

- ANC  500  미만  시  격리병실이나  코호트  격리

- 격리  시  병실  앞에  ‘역격리’  표식을  부착하고  혈압계,  청진기,  체온계  준비

- 열이  나는  경우  추가  관리  필요

- ANC  (absolute  neutrophil  count,  절대호중구수)  =  (WBC  x  neutrophil)/100

    →  WBC  1140  ,  Neutrophil  12.8%  일  경우  1140  x  0.128  =  145.9

- ANC  수치가  낮은  경우  뉴트로진(G-CSF)이나  류코스팀(Filgrastim)  투여 

(21)  항암제  부작용  시  간호

① 호중구 감소증(Neutropenia) : 골수는 세포의 생성이 활발한 장기로 항암제의 영향을 많이 받음 

→ 항암제에 의해 생성의 방해를 받아 세포들이 부족하여 생기는 증상으로 항암요법 1~2주 후에 

백혈구수가  감소하여  나타남

②  혈소판  감소증(Thromboctopenia)  :  혈액  내  혈소판의  수가  비정상적으로  적은  상태

③  빈혈(Anemia)

④  Nausea  &  Vomiting

⑤  Diarrhea  /  Constipation

⑥  Mucositis(점막염)

⑦ 

Cardiotoxicity(심독성)

⑧ 

Pulmonary  toxicity(폐독성)

⑨  간독성,  신독성

⑩  통증,  두통

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약물용량계산

1.  0.3g의  cimetidine  PO  qid로  처방이  났다면  한  번에  몇  tablets을  주어야  하는가?  [  1tablets  = 

200mg  ]

1

단계  →  1회  투여량  300mg,  한  번에  1.5T주어야  함

2.  Lefocin  100mg  IV  q8hr

성분용량이  250mg/50ml라면  하루  동안  투여되는  약물은  총  몇  ml인가?

1단계  →  250  :  50  =  100  :  χ    250χ  =  5000      χ  =  20ml(1회  용량)

2단계  →  하루  투여되는  약물은  20ml  *  3  =  60ml       

3.  대상자의  몸무게  48kg.  [Depakin  2mg/kg/day로  IV  q6h]  한  번에  투여해야할  양은  얼마인가?

1단계  →  대상자에게  하루  동안  줄  수  있는  Depakin  용량

                  =2mg/kg/1day=2mg*48kg=96mg/1day

2단계  →  6시간마다  투여  시  하루  4번  분할  투여.    96mg/4회  =  24mg/1회

4.  Dopamine  400mg  +  5%  D/W  200mL,  dopamine의  주입속도는  8mcg/kg/min

[대상자의  체중  =  48kg]  [1mg=1,000mcg] 

이  대상자에게  수액을  시간당  몇  cc로  주입하면  되는가?

1단계  →  문제가  시간당  cc를  묻고  있으므로  대상자에게  줄  수  있는  dopamine의  시간당  총용량 

=  8mcg/kg/min  =  8mcg*48kg*60min  =  23,040mcg/hr

2단계  →  200ml의  D/W에는  400mg의  dopamine이  포함되어  있음

            →  200ml:400mg(400,000mcg)=x:23,040mcg,  x=11.52cc,  그러므로  11.52cc/hr

5.  대상자에게  dobutamine  1,000mg을  5%D/W  500mL에  혼합하여  infusion  pump를  이용하여 

10

ug/kg/min으로  정맥주입한다면  몇  mL/hr로  주입해야하는가?

[대상자의  몸무게  =  50kg]  [1mg=1,000

ug] 

1단계  →  dopamine의  단위는  ㎍/kg/min이며,  ml/hr로  산출해야함.

            →  10㎍/kg/min  =  10ug*50kg*60min  =  30,000ug/hr  =  30mg/hr

2단계  →  500ml의  D/W에는  1,000mg의  dopamine이  포함되어  있음

            →  1,000mg  :  500ml  =  30mg  :  χml,  χ=15ml/hr